In particular, A. Banerjee (2013) suggests that a key constraint for many microfinance clients may instead be factors related to the quality of the business environments in which they operate. Despite the intuitive nature of the suggestion and its relevance to microfinance’s theory of change, th...
Now, an agent is situated in its environment, which is in a certain state. To describe this in more detail, we use a Markov decision process, which isa formal way of modeling this reinforcement learning environment. It’s made up of a set of states, a set of possible actions, and rule...
Here, “MSE” represents the pixel-wise Mean Squared Error between the images, and “M” is the maximum possible value of a pixel in an image (for 8-bit RGB images, we are used to M=255). The higher the value of PSNR (in decibels/dB), the better the reconstruction quality. InPyth...
USEPA. A Practitioner’s Guide to the Biological Condition Gradient: A Framework to Describe Incremental Change in Aquatic Ecosystems; EPA-842-R-16-001; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Washington, DC, USA, 2016. Clements, W.H.; Kashian, D.R.; Kiffney, P.M.; Zuellig, R.E. Pers...
I don’t have an example of a loss function as you describe, but the example of a custom RMSE metric in this tutorial can be adapted for your needs: https://machinelearningmastery.com/custom-metrics-deep-learning-keras-python/ Reply Nick September 1, 2020 at 1:21 am # Thx for the...
The referring expression model’s goal is to describe objects in such a way that they are uniquely distinguishable from other objects. Therefore, we hypothesize that knowledge regarding the attributes of an object can contribute to the generation of the expressions. Hence, we experiment with several...
The present study investigated through a low immersive (desktop “VR”, Study 1) and a high immersive virtual environment (immersive VR; Study 2) the effectiveness of different interaction formats to view 3D-objects from different perspectives. Participants controlled either the orientation of the 3D...
The helmet conditions do not describe the cyclists’ modes, only how much the helmet shakes. When the shaking becomes greater than that which defines an “angry” condition, the head protection deploys. The frequency and accuracy of data collection is affected by several aspects, such as the ...
Describe a practical situation in which one would suspect that the shifted exponential distribution is a plausible model. What is the application of statistics in today's business? What are some good examples as to when and how you would apply statistic...
(MFN), which they related to a matching process between a social norm of fairness, and the present reality of unfairness. The MFN is, beyond the literature on the ultimatum game, related to a broad class of ERP components that describe a type of error, such as with incorrect responses ...