Because most of the intergenic DNA has no known functions, these DNAs are known as junk or selfish DNA.Furthermore, not all genes code for proteins: only genes that are transcribed into mRNA code for proteins. Some genes are transcribed into other types of RNA, which directly participate in...
Transcription is a process where the DNA converts into RNA. Enzymes used in the transcription is RNA polymerase which assembles the nucleotide in RNA by using DNA as a template. In prokaryotes the transcription takes place in three steps I.e. initiation, elongation, and termination. In eukaryot...
A synthetic DNA enzyme catalyses the formation of a native phosphodiester bond between two RNA fragments, but the molecular details of the mechanism remained elusive. Research using computational and biochemical approaches now suggests that the DNA enzyme recruits two magnesium ions to assist in the ...
The movement of genetic information in cells from DNA to messenger RNA to protein is described by the central dogma in the field of molecular biology. According to the idea, genes dictate the sequence of mRNA molecules, which determines the sequence of proteins....
Transfer RNAs (tRNA) are the RNAs that “read” the genetic code and translate it into a sequence ofamino acidsto make a protein. The addition of a chemical tag—a methyl sulfur group—to a particular location on some tRNAs improves their ability to translate messenger RNA into prote...
For text, it means a written or printed representation of something. For music, it means an arrangement of a piece of music. And, in biochemistry, transcription refers to the genetic information of DNA being copied onto a new strand of RNA. ...
DNA polymerases were named for their function of catalysing DNA replication, a process that is necessary for growth and propagation of life. DNA involving Watson–Crick base-pairing can be synthesized with high fidelity, the structural and mechanistic or
Biological storage is one promising newcomer as DNA already transfers genetic code from generation to generation. With the explosive growth of sequencing techniques, especially next-generation sequencing (NGS), it is now feasible to read DNA sequences at much faster rates. This makes the concept of...
CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and Cas9:CRISPR DNA serves as a permanent record of past infections, but for bacteria to use these sequences to thwart viruses, they must convert them into DNA's cousin,RNA. Through a process called transcription, bacteria first copy one of the two CRISPR DNA strands int...
The mechanism of RNase H substrate recognition is proposed from a model of a chemically modified DNA-RNA hybrid Escherichia coli RNase H complex. Sitedirected mutagenesis of the enzyme and substrate titration observed by heteronuclear two-dimensional NMR spectra have been carried out. A model complex...