In thefield of statistics, data are vital. Data are the information that you collect to learn, draw conclusions, and test hypotheses. After all,statisticsis the science of learning from data. However, there are different types of variables, and they record various kinds of information. Crucially...
I'm teaching statistics using Excel.I want to compute some descriptive statistic, for instance, the first quartile. The following data shows sex (male of...
Compute the student’s ranks in the two subjects and compute the Spearman rank correlation. Step 1:Find the ranks for each individual subject. I used theExcel rank functionto find the ranks. If you want to rank by hand, order the scores from greatest to sm...
To summarize: You have learned in this article how to compute correlations using the cor function in the R programming language. If you have any additional comments or questions, let me know in the comments.Subscribe to the Statistics Globe Newsletter Get regular updates on the latest ...
Basic Statistics Tags Data Management R Programming Tips & Tricks Sometimes it is necessary to standardize the data due to its distribution or simply because we need to have a fair comparison of a value (e.g, body weight) with a reference population (e.g., school, city, state, country)....
SPSS Tutorial (for Beginners): Intro to SPSS About the SPSS Compute Variable Function Sometimes you may have a data set that doesn’t give you the specificstatisticyou need. For example, you may have two counts for debt from credit cards and “other”, but you are more interested in the...
confident that you know what that true proportion is. These confidence interval techniques can be applied to find the exact confidence interval of a mean in R, calculate confidence interval from a p value, or even compute an exact confidence interval for variance in R from a sampling ...
how to make a histogram in R, how to plot summary statistics on top of our histogram, how to customize features of the plot like the axis titles, the color, how we bin the x-axis, and how to set limits on the axes. Finally, we demonstrated some of the power of theggplot2library....
Last, while RSS is easy to compute and interpret, it provides limited insight into the underlying structure of the data. In cases where understanding the relationship between predictors and the response variable is important, there may be better metrics to use. In some ways, RSS can act somewha...
stock's historical returns compared to those of the S&P 500 index. This coefficient represents the slope of a line of best fit correlating the stock's returns against the index's. Because regression coefficients are called "betas" (β) in statistics, the terminology was carried over to ...