Given that the level of citizen engagement is based on count data and the distribution of citizen engagement is over-dispersed (M = 5935.03, SD = 47,591.08, Skewness = 10.52, Kurtosis = 122.21), the assumption of normal distribution was violated. To deal with the over-dispersed count data,...
When knowledge spillovers benefit non-innovative firms, the crucial parameters are the extent of knowledge spillovers and the skewness of the productivity distribution of firms in the cluster. When knowledge spillovers benefit innovative firms, the crucial parameter is the degree of systemic risk of ...
The results of the descriptive statistics test, including skewness, kurtosis, and the Jarque-Bera test, indicate that our risk estimates do not follow a normal distribution. Table 3. Summary DeltaCoVaR and MES statistics. MethodMeanMax.Min.Std. Dev.SkewnessKurtosisJ-B DeltaCoVaR 0.010 0.047 ...