How to calculate phenotype and genotype ratios. How does the principle of independent assortment apply to chromosomes? Provide examples of experimental trials about genes. How do you find the frequency of a recessive allele? How is genetic drift due to random chance?
How to calculate phenotype and genotype ratios. How are allele frequencies related to gene pools? What is a restricted gene pool? How does improved living conditions affect the gene pool? Is there gene flow in a Hardy Weinberg population? If a single gene controls the mutant type, how will ...
The formula to calculate the Aitchison distance between two generic vectors x and y of length m is: dA(x,y)=1m∑i=1m−1∑j=i+1m(lnxixj−lnyiyj)2 (9) As for SMAPE, we computed Aitchison distance on CPM transformed data. For each dataset and for each pipeline,...
breaking the chain at any place and running the code. But basically we are just making some transposes to have the data in a more usable tidy format such that to calculate label we don't need to type in 7 similar expressions. And then we transpose back to the format needed forh...
It is possible to calculate the expected average fragment size for a given genomic DNA if the percent GC content of the DNA and the recognition sequence of the restriction enzyme are known. For example, in a genome with 50% GC content and no dinucleotide bias, a four-cutter can be expecte...
In neurons, the quantities of mRNAs and proteins are traditionally assumed to be determined by functional, electrical or genetic factors. Yet, there may also be global, currently unknown computational rules that are valid across different molecular species inside a cell. Surprisingly, our results show...
Bod Pod:This test requires you to sit inside an egg-shaped capsule, called the “Bod Pod.” The machine measures your body density and volume to calculate your body fat percentage. It's important to note that some people use weight scales to measure their body composition. However, experts...
An undirected graph is a structure composed of vertices connected by edges. Edges are assigned weights corresponding to the distance between the connected points. Useful algorithms such as Dijkstra’s algorithm to calculate shortest paths [171], Minimum Spanning Tree [172], and graph-based clustering...
On the flip side, a body fat percentage that’s too high is a risk factor for chronic illnesses like diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease. How to Calculate Body Fat Percentage Body Composition vs. Body Mass Index Body composition and body mass index (BMI) are tools that ass...
The torque equation is jam-packed with important information about how torque is generated, and how to calculate a net torque. Understanding the terms in the equation will help you complete a general net torque calculation. First, the axis of rotation is the point about which the rotation will...