Likewise, for sellers, the quantity supplied depends on the price that they receive — that the buyer pays a higher price makes no difference to them. They supply according to the schedule of the prices that they actually receive.Some people have argued that to determine the tax incidence of...
Tax incidence also can be used to determine the fairness of a taxation system by contrasting the tax burden across a population. For example, using tax data from 2019, Connecticut issued a report in 2022 finding that its state and local tax system is unfair and regressive since working- and ...
Lifetime vs annual tax-transfer incidence: how much less progressive - Harding - 1993Harding A. (1993), 'Lifetime vs Annual Tax-Transfer Incidence: how much less Progressive?', The Economic Record, pp.179-91.Harding, A. 1993b, 'Lifetime vs annual tax-transfer incidence: how much less ...
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Arrow, in relation to a theory which had been given a little earlier by the present writer. Arrow's views can be found in his well-known article of 19503 and in Social Choice and Individual Values (1st ed. 1951, 2nd ed. 1963) and those of the present writer in a......
For fighting the COVID-19 pandemic, countries used control measures of different severity, from “relaxed” to lockdown. Drastic lockdown measures are considered more effective but also have a negative impact on the economy. When comparing the financial value of lost lives to the losses of an ...
concerns about food fraud in SSA. A multi-country survey was conducted in October 2022–31 January 2023, and 838 valid responses were returned. To reduce the large and correlated dataset, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used. Five components were derived from PCA: (i) Staple foods; (...