This measures how much the light wave has "stretched out" (moving it closer to the red end of the spectrum) because of the expansion of space during its journey. If it travels farther, it will have shifted the wavelength of the light more. Redshift (z) is defined as: \(z=\...
As the universe expands, it also stretches the light waves travelling through it. If a star is moving away from the earth, its light will be stretched and have a longer wavelength by the time it gets to us. That is called redshifts. By doing some math, astronomers can get a rough id...
How to calculate the speed of light. How long is a photon? How fast is the speed of light in meters per second? How far in terms of wavelength does a wave travel in one period? What is the speed of light per minute? What is faster than the speed of light?
The simplest case when you're learning to calculate dice probability is the chance of getting a specific number with one die. The basic rule for probability is that you calculate it by looking at the number of possible outcomes in comparison to the outcome you're interested in. So for a d...
These galaxies, estimated to have formed a mere 200 million years after the Big Bang, challenge existing models of galaxy formation and provide insights into the infancy of the universe. Researchers determine the age of such galaxies by looking at their amount of redshift — a phenomenon in whi...
If you measure the time it takes for the echo to return and if you know the speed of sound, you can calculate the depth of the well fairly accurately. Doppler Radar Doppler effect: The person behind the car hears a lower tone than the driver because the car is moving away. The ...
And we just saw a way to calculate H from that. $$H = \sqrt{(\frac{1}{1.3a})^3 + 1}$$ So if you know what the scale factor was when something occurred you can figure out what the expansion rate was then. a ⇒ H Now we want to come full circle. If we kn...
The redshift-distance data (standard candles) falls along that curve. One could say so far mostly along the right half, e.g. from 0.4 to 1.0. But we also have a nice data point on the left end too, that comes from the red curve. The temperature of the gas that emitted the CMB ...
The evolution of the LSPR peak position was monitored as well as its intensity (maximum value of the absorbance spectrum), and it is shown that the full functionalization of the nanoparticles results in LSPR wavelength redshifts of 2.7 nm (MUDA) and 3.9 nm (MHDA). These shifts are well ...
redshift and luminosity: for this, we use the rest-frame 6 μm luminosity (L6μm) since this provides an extinction-insensitive measure of the intrinsic luminosity (e.g., References [25,26,27,28]). To calculateL6μm, we identified mid-infrared (MIR) counterparts from the the Wide-...