Ground sampling distance (GSD) is utilized to measure the size of detecting objects and the sensor's height from the ground and the number of pixels in one row are used to calculate it. Below is the Eq. (1) for
In response to the need for sustainable development, green finance emerged and grew rapidly at the beginning of the twenty-first century (Lee et al.2023,2024). Green finance serves to advance both environmental protection and governance, redirecting resources from highly polluting and energy-intensive...
Ideally, each SOC would map to a unique ISCO, so that we could simply calculate the ISCO share as a weighted average of SOC shares, using the SOCs' US employment counts as the weights. However, given the many-to-many mapping, this approach would put disproportionate weight on those SOCs ...
To calculate the expenditure of forest certification, we used the annual rate of 27 USD/ha/yr,6 which is the highest cost for household group certification.7 This rate is three times higher than the rate of 8.5 USD/ha/yr, which was claimed by Maraseni et al. (2017) as the threshold ...
Agriculture is becoming a substantial contributor to carbon emissions in China, and the efficient reduction of agricultural carbon emissions (ACEs) has become a universal concern. Currently, the digital transformation of agriculture (DTA) provides a new
However, there is great scepticism whether absenteeism should be used linearly as a measure of productivity: “One day of absence may be absolutely unproblematic for a company. Maybe even positive, if someone skips a Monday, then he returns even more well rested to work (P3)”. In a similar...
Learn about the labor force participation rate. Identify the labor force participation rate formula and see how to calculate the labor force participation rate. Related to this Question Suppose the number of people who retire is greater than the number ...
Gross Domestic Product | GDP Definition, Equations & Benefits from Chapter 5 / Lesson 6 88K What is real GDP? Learn how to calculate GDP. See the differences between nominal GDP and real GDP, how to calculate them, and ...
productivity increases. In addition, [52] also indicates that public work programs can create labor movements toward agriculture due to the labor-intensive nature of the program. However, this could induce agricultural labor crowding out engagements despite the total output being intact as output per...
Understanding the drivers of economy-wide productivity growth has long been of interest to academics and policy makers. In this paper, we contribute to the