The blood calcium concentration is relatively stable, and the normal value is 2.25-2.75 mmol/L. Ionized calcium has the effect of reducing neuromuscular irritability. Therefore, when blood calcium is lower than 1.75 mmol/L or ionized calcium is lower than 0.875 mmol/L, neuromuscular irritability i...
and the water sample volume (Vs) equals 50mL of water. If performing the titration with a standard buret, the correction factor (CF) equals 1.0. To calculate the alkalinity, insert these values into the first equation. The calculation becomes: ...
Determine whether the ion contains only a single element. If so, find the element that has been ionized on the periodic table. Sodium is in the first column, for example, while calcium is in the second. Advertisement Step 2 Write down the one- or two-letter symbol for the element from ...
Calculation of free vitamin D metabolites Because of the difficulty in measuring the free hormone, some investigators have used the association constants of DBP and albumin for the vitamin D metabolites along with measurements of total metabolite, DBP, and albumin levels to ...
Calculate the number of neutrons in an isotope with 32 protons and a mass number of 68. How many protons and electrons are in the lead isotope with 124 neutrons? If the atomic number of chlorine is 17, how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does eac...
To calculate the fluid loss from retinal blood-brain barrier we can use Starling equation for fluid filtration (Yuan and R.R., 2010), but to do this we need to estimate driving pressures and the hydraulic conductivity for the blood-brain barrier (in units of cm3 of transudate/s/cm H2O...
A change in the charge of an atom can make the atom unstable. Hydrogen is particularly vulnerable to this change, called ionization. Once an atom has been ionized, it can be accelerated by electronic or magnetic fields. This is a process that can be used in nuclear power plants, in the ...
Fermentation can also neutralize phytic acid, a substance in grains, nuts, seeds and legumes that causes mineral deficiencies. Phytates, the ionized form of phytic acid, also make starch, proteins and fats less digestible. The microorganisms, or probiotics, in fermented food can help maintain a ...
Furthermore, through the HRR curve generated by cone calorimetry is possible to calculate the slope of the FIGRA (fire-growth rate) line, extending from the origin to the earliest, highest peak, providing an estimation of both the spread rate and the size of the fire, thus estimating the co...