You can use either of the following equations to calculate power in watts, provided all quantities are expressed in in MKS (meters, kilograms, seconds) metric units. P=F×v P=Wt If you do your measurements on the CGS (centimeters, grams, seconds) system, force is expressed in dynes and ...
price tends to settle within a stable range when output satisfies customer demand for that good or service. Equilibrium is vulnerable to both internal and external influences. The appearance of a new product that disrupts themarketplace, such as the...
To check for problems, such as warping and cracks in concrete, engineers can calculate thermal stress values of different materials and compare them with established parameters.Step 1 Find the formula for thermal stress by using the equations for strain and Young's modulus. These equations are: ...
How to Calculate Integrals of Exponential Functions 4:28 10:52 Next Lesson Integration by Substitution Steps & Examples Substitution Techniques for Difficult Integrals 10:59 Integration by Parts | Rule, Formula & Examples 12:24 Solving Systems of Linear Equations: Methods & Examples Partial...
Still, the duration estimate is reliable enough to help you choose among different bonds. Using duration to make investment decisions Macaulay duration allows investors to compare the risk of interest rate changes. Modified duration allows them to estimate the effects. Both equations come into play ...
Market equilibrium is accomplished when the supplier and the buyer agree on a price. Discover how shortages and surpluses affect market equilibrium, how to calculate market equilibrium, and how to illustrate it graphically. Supply and Demand We're talking about supply and demand, and how they int...
Learn how to calculate quickly without a calculator. Creative Commons Solving a Problem Requires Strategy It is well known that the easier the method you use to solve a problem, the faster you will solve it with less chance of making a mistake. It doesn't have much to do with intelligence...
To calculate the equity risk premium, we can begin with thecapital asset pricing model(CAPM), which is usually written asRa= Rf+ βa(Rm- Rf),where: Ra= expected return on investment inaor an equity investment of some kind Rf= risk-free rate of return ...
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In this article, we’ll provide equations to calculate both specific gravity and API gravity. Specific Gravity Equation The specific gravity of oil is the ratio between its density and the density of water. You can calculate specific gravity with this simple equation: ...