Our beliefs and opinions are shaped by others, making our social networks crucial in determining what we believe to be true. Sometimes this is for the good
In the run-up to Ukraine's rocket attacks on the Antonovsky Bridge, a vital road crossing from the occupied city of Kherson to the eastern bank of the Dnipro River, security officials carefully studied a series of special reports. It was the summer of 2022 and Russia was relying heavily o...
The mutual information is an excellent measure for pairwise association, but is usually very difficult to calculate, because it requires the estimation of the underlying marginals and joint probabilities. Nevertheless, in the Ising-spin system, because the probability of each s...
For instance, Van der Hurk (2015) used a simulation model to calculate the change in passenger flows due to a disruption. Nevertheless, they need to assume a behavioural model of how passengers react to a disruption, and the information available to them. An alternative data source is a ...
Betweenness Centrality (BC) reveals the structural importance of keywords within the knowledge network and is an effective measure for analyzing knowledge evolution and identifying research frontiers. As shown in Table 6, City (BC = 0.17), Health (BC = 0.14), and Benefits (BC = 0.13) indicate...
This model has been previously used to analyze the overall land-use system characteristics, and can be used to obtain the key land-use types and overall stability of the land-use system by calculating the betweenness centrality and average shortest path, respectively [42,43]. The aforementioned ...
At present, commonly used topological structures mainly include degree and degree distribution, clustering coefficient, eigenvector centrality, betweenness centrality, proximity centrality, and others. Degree of nodes The degree of a node refers to the number of edges connected to it in a network, ...
in three areas: the diversity of land-use (land-use mixture, proportion of residential land), supporting infrastructure (proportion of commercial land, proportion of public amenity land), and road traffic networks (closeness, betweenness, distance to bus stops) (refer to Table A2 in Appendix A)...
The equation means the higher the number, the more connections a node has. A value of 0 means, the node is isolated from the network. There are other centrality measures, such as PageRank, eigenvector centrality, or betweenness centrality. ...
Previous local and global centrality in a social network has a different influence on innovation. For the local centrality indices, degree centrality has a positive impact in the short-term, but has a negative impact in the long-term; the impact of betweenness centrality is not significant in ...