aIn the southern equatorial and the Sudano-Sahelian regions, the temperature profile is more disperse than the Sudanese region where temperature varies less the whole year between the maxima and the minima and where the humidity is relatively high compared to the two other regions. 在南部的赤道和...
The water molecules ionize the minerals in the soil and cause them to become conductive. Without moisture, an electrical connection to earth is not possible. Figure 1 shows how the resistivity varies as a function of moisture content for various types of soil. Figure 1. Soil resistivity and mo...
We used electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) per Martínez-Pagán et al. (2009,2011) and Zarroca et al. (2015). We calibrated the ERI results with a resistivity lab test using a Geotek multisensor core logger (Cande and Kent1995), and gravimetric water content andSrper Rodríguez (2006)....
Platinum resistance thermometers measure temperature in the range of 500 k to 2300 k. Thermocouple Thermometer These devices are used for the quick measurement of temperature. It finds its application in laboratories. Electrical resistance is used in the device to generate a voltage that varies ...
The ESR of the aluminum electrolytic capacitors declines about 35% to 70% from 25ºC to the high temperature, but increases more than 10 times at the low temperature. Because the electrolyte becomes thick under low temperatures, the resistivity increases. Therefore, the ESR is greater under ...
The concept of ground resistance is only suitable for a small grounding grid. However, with the increase of the land area of the grounding network and the decrease of the resistivity of the soil, the effect of the inductive component in the ground impedance is becoming larger and larger, and...
Switching to °C h instead of h when calculating the growth rate (or the cell production rate) makes it possible to evaluate the sole effect of drought on growth even if the temperature varies (Ben-Haj-Salah & Tardieu, 1995; Granier & Tardieu, 1998b). Second, the succession of ...
All mixing experiments were conducted at room temperature (∼20 °C) and all chemicals used were of analytical-grade quality while aqueous solutions were prepared using ultrapure water i.e. Milli-Q water (resistivity 18 MΩ/cm). Metal oxides (Al2O3 and Fe2O3) and salt (CaCl2.2H2O) ...
The thermal conductivity of coarse and fine-textured soils is different, and consequently, how the heat is transferred also varies. Hence, in a warmer environment, such as in 2011–2012, with a shallow snowpack, the temperature oscillation had a greater effect on these soils, and earlier snow...
The number and size of these structures varies with the temperature and pressure of the liquid. The second hypothesis is a direct consequence of the first. It consists in the assumption that elastic energy and momentum in liquids propagate by means of collective oscillations, or wave packets, ...