Stunning advances in gene research and data mining will predict diseases and devise treatments tailored to each of us.
Is lenvatinib an immunotherapy or chemotherapy drug? Lenvatinib (brand name: Lenvima) is considered a targeted treatment, not a chemotherapy drug. Lenvatinib blocks cell proteins and signals directed at blood vessels that help the cancer to survive. These types of drugs are often referred to as ...
Since local therapy does not prevent reoccurring lesions, it is often replaced by systemic chemotherapy [147]. KS treatment is divided according to the basis of two categories classical KS, primarily caused by KSHV, and AID-related KS, which will be discussed in detail in the AID-related ...
While often thought to be generally immunosuppressive, chemotherapy can be immunomodulatory with varying effects that are dependent on the type, dose, and mechanism of action of the chemotherapeutic agent employed [93]. In general, chemotherapy is utilized for several important functions: decreasing over...
Vaccines are often given to patients along with adjuvants. Adjuvants are substances that increase the immune response to the vaccine. Many vaccines rely heavily on the stimulatory effect of adjuvants (Banday 2015). Some adjuvants are derived from bacteria. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (TheraCys or ...
As a result, TMB is largely seen as a potentially useful biomarker but is not routinely applied in current clinical practice. From our perspective, if TMB happens to be known and is high, we would consider use of nivolumab plus ipilimumab, particularly in patients who are PD-L1-negative, ...
While the microbiome is often associated with diseases of the gut, mounting evidence indicates the microbiome plays a role in a wide range of diseases. Several investigations are under way to explore the potential link to cancer, including a recently-announced $25 million study funded by Cance...
Given the contrast to the clinical effectiveness papers, there is a question as to whether adjusting for subsequent lines is being left to be considered by those that evaluate the intervention for HTA review, which often requires cost-effectiveness to be fully analysed, rather than at the ...
Glioblastoma is an intrinsic brain tumour thought to arise from neuroglial progenitor cells. Its incidence increases steadily with age. Males are moderately more often affected. Genetic predisposition and exposure to irradiation in childhood are the only established risk factors which, however, account ...
To lower the costs of clinical trials, and to make them more efficient, the implementation of clinical trials with a lower, but carefully preselected number of patients to fulfill the needed requirements for FDA approval would be highly desirable, as is thoughtfully discussed by Workman and ...