"How the brain is organized to help make decisions is a big, fundamental question, and theneural circuitry—how neurons are connected to one another—in brain areas that are important for decision-making isn't well understood," said Wei-Chung Allen Lee, associate professor of neurobiology in t...
Neurons are connected to each other through synapses, sites where signals are transmitted in the form of chemical messengers. Reinhard Jahn, Director at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen, has investigated precisely how the process works. Our nervous system consists of ...
Neurons are connected by complex branching processes—axons and dendrites—that process information for organisms to respond to their environment. Classifying neurons according to differences in structure or function is a fundamental part of neuroscience. Here, by constructing biophysical theory and testing...
(in the extracellular fluid) relative to inside the cell (in the cytoplasm). The negative charge within the cell is created by the cell membrane being more permeable to potassium ion movement than sodium ion movement. In neurons, potassium ions are maintained at high concentrations within the ce...
The transistors in a computer are wired in relatively simple, serial chains (each one is connected to maybe two or three others in basic arrangements known as logic gates), whereas the neurons in a brain are densely interconnected in complex, parallel ways (each one is connected to perhaps ...
But first, we have to know what to scan. The human brain contains about 86 billion neurons, connected by at least a hundred trillion synapses. The pattern of connectivity among the brain’s neurons, that is, all of the neurons and all their connections to each other, is called the connec...
showed no generalized fear response and transmitter switching was prevented. In addition to these treatment experiments, the team mapped the neurons that were undergoing transmitter switches and showed that they were indeed connected to other regions of the brain that have previously been implicated in...
inspired artificial neuronal networks for high-level information processing. Lohmann concludes, "To me the most fascinating thing is how specifically neurons are connected and how early this is possible without even knowing anything about the outside world. It is amazing how the brain can do this....
the first neuron is likely an excitatory neuron: one that prompts other neurons to fire. But neurons with the exact opposite task are equally important to the functionality of the brain: inhibitory neurons, which make it less likely that the neurons they are connected to send a signal to othe...
As a result, scientists who believe in this argue against dualism. According to Tierney, “this approach can be found in various regions ofpsychiatry, where behavior is about neurons and observable molecules, not the mind.” The Argument from Neuroscience ...