There are many types of blood clots that can occur in the veins: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot occurring in a deep vein. Pulmonary embolism is a blood clot that breaks loose from a vein and travels to the lungs. Chronic venous insufficiency isn't a blood clot, but a con...
These spots are called cutaneousvasculitislesions. They can cause severe damage to skin tissue andgangrene. If you have small black spots on your fingers or toes, let your doctor know right away. Color changes in fingers and toes.Bloodvessels in your fingers and toes can tighten and slow the...
Petechiae in and of themselves are not harmful. However, they frequently indicate a serious underlying medical condition. Petechiae frequently improve on their own. You may, however, require medical attention to treat the underlying condition that caused them. How is petechiae treated? The treatment ...
Immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRDs), such as rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and vasculitis, are leading causes of frailty in developing countries. The aim of this review was to quantitatively synthesize published literature on the prevalence...
Eosinophils are numerous in cases of infectious enterocolitis, medication-related injuries, radiation effect, and inflammatory bowel disease (Figure 1c). Fortunately, many of these disorders show other inflammatory changes that facilitate their diagnosis. Bacterial and drug-induced injuries produce an ...
Indeed, a number of studies show that delayed management in the ICU is associated with a higher risk for death than when the disease is managed expectantly in the ICU, at the first signs of severe illness.1 There is no uniformly useful or accepted definition of SCAP, nor are there ...
Many domains of the XIAP protein support overlapping roles in immune signaling and in apoptosis inhibition, some of which are illustrated here for the BIR (baculovirus IAP repeat), UBA (ubiquitin associated), and RING (really interesting new gene) protein domains. The RING domain is an E3 ...
In infants, many conditions similar to these listed above can lead to neonatalthrombocytopenia. There are also some rare genetic conditions that can also lead to thrombocytopenia in children at birth. Pseudothrombocytopeniais term given to situations in which there is a falsely low platelet count on...
types, while TNF-receptor 2 is expressed only on endothelial and immune cells. TNF induces apoptosis by binding to TNF-receptor 1 which activates the caspase 3-8 cascade. TNF may promote inflammation by binding to either receptor 1 or 2. Signals are then produced, and mediated through TNF ...
Today, although many treatment options for cancer are available, there is still no cure for some malignancies; therefore, a peaceful end of life is a privilege. All practicing oncologists must be capable of assessing pain, know the possible underlying pathophysiology, and man...