Organellar genes: why do they end up in the nucleus? Many mitochondrial and plastid proteins are derived from their bacterial endosymbiotic ancestors, but their genes now reside on nuclear chromosomes instead... Jeffrey,L.,Blanchard,... - 《Trends in Genetics》 被引量: 230发表: 2000年 Apparent...
Both genetic and physiological studies are contributing to our understanding of insect body size, a trait that affects fitness in many ways and is therefore subject to intense selection. Many of the genes that determine body size in insects have similar
Mitochondrial genome The human mitochondrial genome, while usually not included when referring to the "human genome", is of tremendous interest to geneticists, since it undoubtedly plays a role in mitochondrial disease. It also sheds light on human evolution; for example, analysis of variation in t...
γδ T cells may actually exceed >50% of all T cells and thus constitute the dominant T cell population in certain tissues and species, for instance in ruminants and chicken (especially in early life), in the mouse epidermis, and in human blood during microbial infection [[1], [2], [...
Many functional genes, such as Hox, And, Gli3, Hand2, play key roles in this transition or transformation. Natural selection and sex selection have led to sexual dimorphism of fish fins and morphological differences of tetrapod limbs. Along with the rapid development of genomics, genome ...
To uncover the genetic mechanism driving these differences, the researchers compared gene expression — which genes are turned on and off — in the human brain organoids versus the other apes. They identified differences in a gene called ‘ZEB2’, which was turned on sooner in gorilla brain org...
Mitochondrial topoisomerase I sites in the regulatory D-Loop region of mitochondrial DNA. Biochemistry 47, 11196–11203 (2008). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Kaguni, J. M. & Kornberg, A. Topoisomerase I confers specificity in enzymatic replication of the Escherichia coli chromosomal origin. ...
PIK3CAis one of the most frequently mutated genes in cancer; the PI3K pathway is altered in a large number of cancer types, driving cell signalling, growth and metabolism, and PI3K inhibitors have been in development for over four decades. ...
We use this framework to assess existing data and to ask the question, “How many distinct primary structures of proteins (proteoforms) are created from the 20,300 human genes?” We also explore prospects for improving measurements to better regularize protein-level biology and efficiently ...
Since the brain was found to be somehow flexible, plastic, researchers worldwide have been trying to comprehend its fundamentals to better understand the brain itself, make predictions, disentangle the neurobiology of brain diseases, and finally propose