The Gini coefficient isequal to the area below the line of perfect equality (0.5 by definition) minus the area below the Lorenz curve, divided by the area below the line of perfect equality. ... Another way of thinking about the Gini coefficient is as a measure of deviation from perfect ...
Experienced differences (left panel) and the edges used in the conventional measure (right panel). If nodes A, B, and C in Figure 1 have wealth 10, 4, and 3, for example, the Gini coefficient using the network representation in the left panel is 0.412. Using the network representation o...
In the process, the disconnect between the trend in the Gini coefficient and inequality assessed via the share of income going to the top 1 % of income earners is reconciled through the use of several alternative inequality indices. Finally, the evolution of the earnings distribution for black ...
For macroeconomic conditions, we obtained the latest record of GDP per capita, unemployment rate, and Gini coefficient from the WDI. We include population density, percentage urban population, and share of the population over 65, to control for the social structure of the country, which might ...
In each scenario, we performed a distinct calibration of macroprudential instruments which let us evaluate changes in inequality using the simulation’s output data, based on wellbeing economic KPIs such as theGini Coefficient. Naturally, more complex analyses are feasible, including calcula...
No matter which value is adopted, the Gini coefficient of China’s income is much higher than that of most peaceful countries, which reflects the inequality of distribution in China. Hence, narrowing the economic development gap between different regions is of great significance to the high...
In fact, with tracking data, no assumptions are needed on the passengers’ behaviour, since the behaviour is directly observed. This work aims to contribute to the scientific literature, by understanding from realized data: “How different unplanned network disturbances affect public transport ...
The similarity of these numbers suggests that the theoretical free-energy barriers are within a biologically relevant kinetic regime, though the quantitative relationship between biochemically measured rates and the elbow accommodation substep has not been rigorously established. EF-Tu can accelerate elbow ...
Between 1993 and 2005, inequality has consistently declined as measured both by the Gini coefficient and the Theil index. This decline in global inequality was the result of a decline in inequality between countries. The estimates do suggest that there is an overall upward trend in inequality ...
How Poverty Is Measured Poverty is commonlymeasured using income thresholdsin many countries. Centralized bodies like the Census Bureau collect data and update the information on an annual basis based oninflation. This information, which, in the U.S., is reported through theConsumer Price Index for...