It was determined that the refrigerant used for decades in automotive AC, known as R-12, CFC-12, or its brand name Freon, was damaging the ozone layer (it's a chlorofluorocarbon). It was banned from being manufactured in the United States. Why is my car air conditioner not blowing cold...
Of course, limiting Scope 2 emissions through renewable technologies is determined by the country’s access to sustainable electricity alternatives. If a country is entirely dependent on fossil fuels for electricity generation, it will be much harder for semiconductor manufacturers to achieve better energ...
literature4,28. However, unlike these studies, which use the so-called GWP* metric introduced by Allen and colleagues5,6,55,56, the warming contribution of flight and surface emissions is expressed as time-series of CO2emissions that would cause identical warming through the Linear-Warming-Equiva...
However, minimum savings of 6% of annual heating energy over 3.1 years for PED and over 2.4 years for GWP need to be realised by an SHS in order to exceed the environmental effects caused by their production and operation. For ADP and Ecotox, the smart home represents a further ...
Following Barro (1991), the robustness of the direct effects of economic growth predictors was determined by weighting countries by their respective population sizes. Each country (row) was multiplied by the square root of its total population. The reason for this correction is that small or less...
Planned purchases only: either purchases you’ve mapped out well in advance of starting the low- or no-buy (e.g. “that palette releasing in December”) or if you’ve thoroughly researched a product, determined it fits within your guidelines, and so forth Project Pan: purchases can’t be...
First, it should allow re-calculation of GHG data in LCA studies into CO2 equivalents using the most recent Global Warming Potential (GWP) estimates (Myhre et al., 2013). Second, it should allow analysis of the mitigation effects from increased agricultural productivity/efficiency and ...
The remaining carbon budget can be determined on a scientific basis, given a certain desired degree of climate change limitation. In order to meet this budget with an instrument cost-efficiently, it is not necessary to have exact knowledge of the future social cost of carbon. Based on the ...
Boiling is highly effective in dissipating heat and temperature drops and approaches the saturation temperature within a small distance from the fin's base. Heat transfer enhancement in phase-change heat exchangers The temperature difference, LMTD was determined from the inlet and exit temperatures (DBT...
" he says. These interactions between the fluids and the surrounding grains are often neglected in analyzing such processes. But the behavior of such geological systems is often determined by processes at the grain-scale, which means that the kind of microscale analysis done in this work could ...