coli cell. Many of the genes are duplicates. You may remember from a previous section that enzymes are formed from 20 different amino acids strung together in a specific order. Therefore the question is this: How do you get from DNA, made up of only four nucleotides, to an enzyme ...
At any given moment, all of the work being done inside any cell is being done by enzymes. If you understand enzymes, you understand cells. A bacterium like E. coli has about 1,000 different types of enzymes floating around in the cytoplasm at any given time. Enzymes have extremely interes...
From a culinary perspective, this is a spice that is particularly popular in India, where it is frequently the star of dishes like Aloo Methi, a potato curry, Methi Dal, a pigeon pea stew, and Methi Paneer, a spinach and paneer stew. It also appears in the Ethiopian Berbere spice blend...
The amazing thing about DNA is this: DNA is nothing more than a pattern that tells the cell how to make its proteins! That is all that DNA does. The 4 million bases in an E. coli cell's DNA tell the cell how to make the 1,000 or so enzymes that an E. coli cell needs to li...
In an E. coli bacterium, this ladder is about 4 million base pairs long. The two ends link together to form a ring, and then the ring gets wadded up to fit inside the cell. The entire ring is known as thegenome, and scientists have completely decoded it. That is, scientists know al...