The inclusion of sex as a biological variable in research is absolutely essential for improving our understanding of disease mechanisms contributing to risk and resilience. Studies focusing on examining sex differences have demonstrated across many level
Neonatal gonadectomy and adult testosterone replacement suggest an involvement of limbic arginine vasopressin and androgen receptors in the organization of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Endocrinology 149: 3581–3591. Borchers AT, Gershwin ME (2012). Sociological differences between women and men...
Blood parameters specific to cardiac and skeletal muscle, including enzymes and metabolites, were measured, along with parameters providing information about shifts in fluid balance (Table 3). Red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), urea and symmetrical dimethy...