Explain how the humoral immune response is able to produce many antigen-specific antibodies. What are monoclonal antibodies? Why does the body produce 5 different classes of antibodies? The human immune system has several components and works well to protect us from disease. a) How do we explain...
After the intense few weeks of acute infection, the body begins to produce antibodies and immune cells that specifically target HIV. During this period (known as seroconversion), viral load levels drop and the CD4 cell count returns to near-normal levels. At this point, the disease enters a ...
How do macrophages protect your body from infection? How is the integumentary system affected by herpes? How does the lymphatic system help the immune system? Is dermatitis a disease in the integumentary system? How do pathogens evade the innate immune system?
Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are large Y-shaped glycoproteins that specifically target an invading pathogen and excel at neutralizing bacteria and viruses present in the body’s fluids or extracellular space. They can do this by binding to the surface receptors on the pathogen that may be necessa...
If you get sick with COVID-19, your immune system will make antibodiesdays to weeksafter you were infected. However, this does not mean you will feel 100% better. Natural immunity means that once you have developed immunity, your body should know how to fight the infection if you are exp...
Immunizations work by pre-infecting the body so it knows how to produce the right antibodies as soon as the virus starts reproducing. Also, because viruses reproduce so quickly and so often, they can often change slightly. Sometimes, mistakes creep into their genetic instructions. These changes ...
which can make the body indicators in the normal range. Further, water is the source of life, where there are many activities in the human body that need water to regulate. Drinking more water to ensure that the respir...
Antibodies are manufactured by the lymph system. Antibodies are specialized proteins that the body produces in response to invasion by a foreign substance. The process of antibody formation begins when an antigen stimulates specialized lymphocytes, called B cells, into action. Antibodies then counteract...
HIV testing, also calledHIVscreening, is the only way to know if you have the virus. Several types of tests check your blood or other body fluids to see whether you're infected. Most can't spot HIV right away because it takes time for your body to make antibodies or for enough of th...
Learn about the different types of protein, how much protein you need, and what eating protein does for your body.