In agro-ecosystem, plant pathogens hamper food quality, crop yield, and global food security. Manipulation of naturally occurring defense mechanisms in host plants is an effective and sustainable approach for p
Although plants may experience selection to defend pollen against poor﹒uality pollinators, we also find only partial support for the protection゛gainst﹑ollenヽollection hypothesis. Finally, pollen defences might protect pollen from colonisation by antagonistic microorganisms (antimicrobial hypothesis), ...
Innate immunity guards against the entry of microorganisms into the body hence form the first line of defence. Innate immunity is also called non-specific immunity because these defence mechanisms do not distinguish one invader from another. Innate immunity is also termed natural immunity as it is ...
How do viruses reproduce using the machinery of the cell? How do microorganisms and viruses make good model systems? Microbiology Viruses One might expect that viruses, being so simple, would be quite easy to destroy. Yet many of the disinfectants, antiseptics, and antibiotics that effectivel...
frequent urination, incontinence, chronic upper respiratory infection, root canalled tooth infection, ALS, etc., caused by asbestos & mixed infections of Candida albicans, helicobacter pylori & cytomegalovirus with or without other microorganisms & mercury.Acupunct Electrother Res. 2011;36(1-2):19-64...
How do encapsulated bacteria prevent phagocytosis from engulfing them? How does the body defend itself from microorganisms and other harmful substances that enter the... 1 answer below How does the body defend itself from microorganisms and other harmful substanc...
Antibiotics are natural products produced by microorganisms or their semisynthetic derivatives. These compounds have been a feature of the environment for a long time, so that bacteria have needed to evolve some forms of antibiotic resistance (AR) to survive. For instance, bacteria inactivate antibioti...
Again, Muller could impose such an exacting criterion of what constituted sufficient quantitative data because the material properties of the fly stocks allowed him to maintain a much larger number of irradiated individuals than competing experimenters working on mammals or higher plants. The absence of...
Nematocysts are a type of stinging cell found in the tentacles of jellyfish and other cnidarians. They are used to paralyze prey and defend against predators.Answer and Explanation: Marine organisms have developed immunity to nematocysts by evolving a variety of ways to avoid being stung. Some ...
A DIY natural swimming pool is one that uses no chemicals and is made to resemble nature as closely as possible. A natural swimming pool employs a variety of plants, filters, and microorganisms in place of chlorine to keep the water clean and suitable for swimming. ...