How do hormones interact with target cells? How did B cells get their name? How do helper T-cells develop? Do natural killer cells kill helminths? How are electrical impulses sent to the body? How do endothelial cells control smooth muscle cell proliferation?
In cells that do not constantly divide, the cues for DNA replication/cell division come in the form of chemicals. These chemicals can come from other parts of the body (hormones) or from the environment. Animal vs. Plant DNA The DNA of all living organisms has the same structure and code...
How do cells respond to signals? How are plant meristem cells like stem cells? How do endothelial cells migrate for angiogenesis? How do hormones interact with target cells? How do mast cells work? How do plants use cell to cell communication?
“Our understanding of how reproductive hormones impact neurological conditions has expanded dramatically,” explains Professor Schipper. “These hormones don’t just affect reproductive functions – they fundamentally influence how the nervous system develops, functions, and responds to injury ...
Intense, prolonged stress can lead to dissociative amnesia because it activates our adrenal glands, which release cortisol and other hormones into the bloodstream. Cortisol in particular reduces the brain's plasticity, or ability to change shape to form new nerve pathways during memory formation. Exte...
A dormant cancer cell does not hide in another cell as HIV does, but the virus takes cover in a microenvironment that sustains it, and it, too, is in a niche with an ECM and cell–cell contacts, hormones and other biochemical cues, he says. Even though labs studying dormancy have ...
cells, helping your body fend off pathogens more effectively. As an adaptogen, Reishi also helps the body adapt to stress, which can indirectly bolster immunity (since stress hormones, when high, can suppress immune function). Users of Tonic Greens may notice...
different chemicals that have enough of a chemical match for our normal hormones that they can kind of operate and wind up taking over some of the same body's signaling and machinery that responds to hormones," Gerber explained. "We know that PFAS aren't really strong endocri...
Explain how osmoregulation is used to regulate water levels in the body, looking at hormones and the kidneys as well as water levels within cells. How does the somatic nervous system maintain homeostasis? How does the integumentary system interact with the cardiovascular system?
During the pregnancy and for two years after she gave birth, they continued doing MRI brain scans and drawing blood to observe how her brain changed as sex hormones like estrogen ebbed and flowed. Some of the changes continued past pregnancy. “Previous studies had taken snapshots of the brain...