Although the DNA sequence of the human genome is known, it will probably take at least a decade to identify every gene and determine the precise amino acid sequence of the protein it produces. Yet the cells in our body do this thousands of times a second.FROM DNA TO RNA 331 FROM RNA ...
DNA is exposed to both endogenous and exogenous DNA damaging agents that chemically modify it. To counteract the deleterious effects exerted by DNA lesions, eukaryotic cells have evolved a network of cellular pathways, termed DNA damage response (DDR). The DDR comprises both mechanisms devoted to ...
Topoisomerase activity is indispensible to cells, but requires the transient breakage of DNA strands. This property has been exploited, often for significant clinical benefit, by various exogenous agents that interfere with cell proliferation. Despite decades of study, surprising findings involving ...
DNA tests can tell people where in the world their ancestors came from, and if they're at risk of developing different genetic conditions. They can sometimes even help people connect with family members they never knew they had. But how do these DNA tests work, and how can they tell if ...
Finally, some cells stop dividing, but can be induced to divide to repair injury (such as skin cells and liver cells). In cells that do not constantly divide, the cues for DNA replication/cell division come in the form of chemicals. These chemicals can come from other parts of the body...
Researchers at Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, have discovered how a protein called lamin A helps repair the protective barrier around a cell's DNA. The findings reveal lamin A's unique role and its potential for treating
DNA Image courtesy U.S. Department of Energy Human Genome Program You have probably heard of the DNA molecule referred to as the "double-helix." DNA is like two strings twisted together in a long spiral. DNA is found in all cells as base pairs made of four different nucleotides. Each ...
The SMADs can potentially activate many different genes, but their affinity for DNA is too low to do that alone. Cofactors are involved that simultaneously contact a SMAD and a specific DNA sequence. The combined DNA-binding specificity of a SMAD-cofactor complex dictates the choice of target ge...
how billions of biomolecules—like DNA, proteins, and lipids—come together to act as one cell. Nor do we know how our many types of cells interact within our bodies. We have limited understanding of how cells, tissues, and organs become diseased and what it takes for them to be healthy...
The great thing about extracting DNA from a strawberry is that you can encourage the DNA strands to release from their cells and bind together into a visible format. You can do this experiment with any fruit or vegetable, but strawberries are one of the best fruits due to their high number...