The environmental factors here referred to comprise the entire external conditions to which a plant or its internal parts are exposed to or interact with, or under which a plant lives and includes physical, chemical, and biological factors. They are described as “external” because they come fro...
Unlike most chemically-derived small-molecule drugs, biological products are generally derived from a living organism, such as humans, animals, microorganisms or yeast. Clinically, they are used to treat patients with cancer, kidney diseases and autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and Cro...
Although plaque is a natural occurrence in teeth from an evolutionary, biological, and nutritional perspective, an imbalance in the microbiome of the oral pathological biofilm can lead to the development of dental caries59. Acid-producing cariogenic bacteria, especiallyS. mutans, damage the hard toot...
Humans require multiple natural resources for their wellbeing and assign different portions of their efforts to secure resources due to their limited time and energy. When one resource is scarce, it may be replaced with a substitute which may fully or pa
Presently, the monitoring of industrial wastewater is focused on basic parameters, such as COD, BOD and heavy metal concentrations, as there are no legal limits of pharmaceuticals. In such cases, the impact of the discharge can be measured by biological factors, for example, the differences in ...
Picture this: A dolphin’s womb serves as a sanctuary for about 12 months, a period filled with the delicate orchestration of biological processes. This year-long gestation period, which can sometimes be only nine months, allows for the development of vital organs, the fortification of the immu...
Generally, the factors that affect dead-reckoning and VP accuracy are illustrated in Fig. 9, with the level of obtainable dead-reckoning accuracy depending on the user-defined initial track-scaling, VP screening and the study species. Fig. 9 Schematic diagram to illustrate the various elements th...
Evolutionary game theory is a multidisciplinary theory, which is derived from biological evolution and game theory, and is also their evolution and development [25]. The most important assumption of game theory is the “common knowledge” assumption of both players in the game, that is, all ...
We reasoned that the intervention, namely a one-hour walk, would globally affect the stress level and therewith stress-related brain activity, not only when contrasting the Fear > Neutral condition. To test this, we examined activity of each ROI (bilateral amygdala, dlPFC, and ACC) in Fear ...
Overall, in addition to quantity, there is a growing consensus that the quality of parent–child verbal interaction is of crucial importance to language development. How Does Poverty Affect Language and Cognitive Development? Numerous environmental factors have the potential to affect language outcome—...