Lead discoverer John Kovac describes his work at the BICEP2 radio telescope and how his career took him there. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution Access options Access throug
If the big bang theory is correct, then astronomers should be able to detect the expansion of the universe. Edwin Hubble, the namesake of the Hubble Space Telescope, was one of the first scientists to observe and measure this expansion. In 1929, he was studying the spectra, or rai...
But before we get to that, let’s take a look at how “material” – physical matter – first came about. If we are aiming to explain the origins of stable matter made of atoms or molecules, there was certainly none of that around at theBig Bang– nor for hundreds of thousands of y...
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the standard model is simply the idea that every bit of the matter and energy in the universe was once compressed to an unimaginable density. In the big bang, the material exploded outward into the formation of matter that we see today. Shortly after this event everything in the universe wa...
Starsthat have enough heft to go out with a bang are separated into two supernova classes -- Type I and Type II. Astronomer Rudolph Minkowski laid out these classifications in 1941. Astronomers learn a lot about stars from the colors of light that they emit. Using a device called a spectr...
Where did dark matter come from? How was dark matter discovered? Can dark matter be created? Can dark matter be used as an energy source? How much energy does dark matter have? What is dark matter made up of? How can energy exist before matter (the big bang theory) if energy comes ...
Discover who Edwin Hubble is and where he did his research. Explore Hubble's accomplishments, theories, and how he discovered the universe was expanding. Related to this QuestionWhat did Edwin Hubble discover to explain the expanding universe? How does redshift help astronomers? What did Edwin Hu...
Thus, if the universe did crunch back in on itself, it's unclear whether it would stop once it got down to its smallest, densest state, or if some kind of repellant force would kick in, forcing space back outward and beginning the cycle all over again. Unraveling the mystery If scientis...
This principle allows astronomers to see the universe as it looked after theBig Bang, which took place about 13.8 billion years ago. Objects that are 10 billion light-years away from us appear to astronomers as they looked 10 billion years ago — relatively soon after the beginning of the un...