Neurons are connected to each other through synapses, sites where signals are transmitted in the form of chemical messengers. Reinhard Jahn, Director at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen, has investigated precisely how the process works. Our nervous system consists of ...
"How the brain is organized to help make decisions is a big, fundamental question, and theneural circuitry—how neurons are connected to one another—in brain areas that are important for decision-making isn't well understood," said Wei-Chung Allen Lee, associate professor of neurobiology in t...
Learning how neurons talk to each otherAnne Fischer, anne.fischerphotonics.comAbout Us
The neurons in different layers are connected to each other. For example, the output of the first neuron is connected to the input of the second neuron, which acts as a filter. MLPs are used to supervise learning and for applications such as optical character recognition, speech recognition an...
But first, we have to know what to scan. The human brain contains about 86 billion neurons, connected by at least a hundred trillion synapses. The pattern of connectivity among the brain’s neurons, that is, all of the neurons and all their connections to each other, is called the connec...
For the nervous system to function, neurons must be able to send and receive signals. These signals are possible because each neuron has a charged cellular membrane (a voltage difference between the inside and the outside), and the charge of this membrane can change in response to neurotransmit...
Neurons themselves are simple and perform basic mathematical functions to normalize their outputs between 1 and 0 or -1 and 1. They become powerful, however, when they’re connected to each other. Neurons are arranged in layers in a neural network and each neuron passes on values...
The transistors in a computer are wired in relatively simple, serial chains (each one is connected to maybe two or three others in basic arrangements known as logic gates), whereas the neurons in a brain are densely interconnected in complex, parallel ways (each one is connected to perhaps ...
In both artificial and biological networks, when neurons process the input they receive, they decide whether the output should be passed on to the next layer as input. The decision of whether to send information on is called bias, and it's determined by an activation function built into the...
A hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases like Huntington's is the progressive death of nerve cells in the brain. The cells don't die quickly, though. They first start to disconnect from each other because their neurites—long finger-like extensions that