There are two or more unmixed polymers on the same fiber cross section, and this fiber is called composite fiber. It is a physically modified fiber developed in the 1960s. The composite fiber manufacturing technology can obtain a variety of modified fibers such as bicomponent fibers, permanent ...
The newly formed semiconductor conducts current better than the pristine semiconductor. The excess electrons are situated in high-energy valence shells, with little energy required to shift them towards the conduction band. How to Generate a P-Type Semiconductor The addition of a p-type trivalent ...
Materials often used for this purpose are polyether polyols, which are polymers formed from cyclic ethers. They are typically produced through an alkylene oxide polymerization process. They are high molecular weight polymers that have a wide range of viscosity. Various polyether polyols that are used...
Another type of particles that draw large attention is polymer nanoparticles [44]. These types of nanoparticles (Figure 13)are easily made-mostly from biodegradable polymers and can increase the stability and time of circulation. Moreover, in addition of being non toxic, other advantages of these...
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The raw material used to make carbon fiber is called the precursor. 90% of the carbon fibers produced are made from polyacrylonitrile. The remaining 10% is made from rayon or petroleum pitch. All of these materials are organicpolymers. The characterization of organic polymers is formed by a lo...
Elastomers are polymers characterized by their highly elastic properties, formed by cross-linking long polymer chains into amorphous structures. The weak intermolecular forces between these polymer chains allow them to be reconfigured when stress is applied. This elasticity enables elastomer gaskets to easi...
In addition, both the stress sensor NlpE and PBP1a (an enzyme required for peptidoglycan synthesis) have a disulfide bond between two cysteine residues that are found in a CXXC motif. The fact that CXXC motifs can function as redox switches (74) suggests that these two proteins also may ...
Obtained results confirmed differences in the structure of the β-(1,3/1,6)-glucan polymers considering side-chain length and branching frequency, as well as in quantity of β-(1,3)- and β-(1,6)-chains, however, no visible relationship was observed between the structural characteristics of...
The results indicated that the bichromophoric photoinitiator 1, containing no halogen or metal, induces radical and cationic polymerization reactions of St and CHO, respectively, to generate high yields of the corresponding polymers. In addition, an analysis of the effects of substituents on the ...