Department of Internal Medicine-Molecular Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Biotech Place, Room 2E-034, 575 North Patterson Ave, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA Hariom Yadav Contributions BHN and SAA wrote the manuscript and designed figures. PVB and HY contr...
(i) POSTBIOTICS may be defined as “non-viable bacterial products or metabolic products from microorganisms that have biological activity in the host (ii) PARAPROBIOTICS (also called ghost or inactivated probiotics) that are “non-viable microbial cells (either intact...