The Fenholloway River near Perry, FL, USA receives effluent from a paper mill and contains populations of eastern mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki, with masculinized females. A previous study identified the androgen precursor androstenedione in low concentration (0.14 nM) in water samples from the ...
All media contained 5% fetal bovine serum, 100 IU/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin sulfate, and 10−7 M androstenedione. The cells were maintained in an atmosphere of 37°C and 5% CO2/95% humidified air. In the in vitro experiments, L-Sa, and AICAR were dissolved in the ...
But, results have been inconsistent when both T and androstenedione (A4) have been manipulated. Sockman and Schwabl (2000) and Eising et al., 2001, Eising and Groothuis, 2003 injected T and A4 in first-laid eggs to give them androgen profiles similar to last-laid eggs. While Sockman and...