Risk factors for HBV transmission or the progression of HBV disease include: Gender.Chronic hepatitis B progresses more rapidly in males than females; cirrhosis and HCC predominate in men and postmenopausal women (Shimizu 2007; El-Serag 2012). High serum levels of testosterone have been associated...
The natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and disease is complex and highly variable. We review the natural history of chronic hepatitis B with emphasis on the rates of disease progression and factors influencing the course of the liver disease. Chronic hepatitis B ...
Special Serologic Considerations. Anti-HBs, with no other serologic marker of infection, is present after hepatitis B vaccination. HBsAg alone, with no other markers of infection, might be present very early in infection, before development of IgM anti-HBc, or immediately after hepatitis B vaccinat...
The hepatitis B vaccine has been linked to neurological disorders, multiple sclerosis, and death. In spite of medical denials, research indicates a likely connection.
Having chronic hepatitis B increases your chance of permanent liver damage, including cirrhosis (scarring of the liver) and liver cancer. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Hepatitis B is transmitted via blood and other body fluids. Infection can occur through: Contact with blood in healthcare ...
. It should be noted that although hepatitis B has been found in breast milk, infection is not a contraindication to breastfeeding because this has never been proven to increase the risk of contracting disease. Those at the greatest risk include children whose mothers had acute hepatitis B in ...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) belongs to an ancient family of hepatotropic DNA viruses, with origins dating back millions of years1, and still poses a major health burden to humans nowadays2,3. HBV infection can lead to both acute and chronic diseases, elevating the risk of cirrhosis and liver ...
In Japan, there is no publicly funded screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections (using HBs antigen and HCV antibody, respectively) among workers, and workplace health programmes play a crucial role in reducing viral hep
Chronic infection by hepatitis B leads toHCCdevelopment, with an added risk that is 25- to 37-fold that of non-infected patients[13,14]. It is the leading aetiology in Asian and African countries. HCC related toHBVinfection may develop on both cirrhotic liver and normal liver, whereas most...
Natural history of chronic hepatitis B: special emphasis on disease progression and prognostic factors J Hepatol, 48 (2008), pp. 335-352 Google Scholar [12] G. Fattovich, N. Olivari, M. Pasino, M. D’Onofrio, E. Martone, F. Donato Long-term outcome of chronic hepatitis B in Caucasian...