Initial symptoms are nonspecific and can include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, clay-colored stool, and jaundice. In cases of severe liver damage, advanced findings specific to liver damage are common and can include hepatic encephalopathy, confusion, coma, ascites, gastroint...
Hepatitis B is an infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Hepatitis B may cause people to become very ill for several weeks. These patients may have jaundice (yellow skin), poor appetite, and other symptoms. A life-threatening hepatitis B infection is called 'fulminant...
After infection, the first serologic markers to become detectable are HBsAg and IgM anti-HBc, which appear within 1 to 2 months and are present when initial symptoms appear (Fig. 213.2). IgM anti-HBc is diagnostic of recent HBV infection. The presence of HBeAg, also detectable in acute infe...
These markers appear within 1 to 2 months after infection and are present when initial symptoms appear (Figure 213-5 and Table 213-2). IgM anti-HBc is diagnostic of acute HBV infection. Because there are no commercially available tests for HBcAg, this serologic marker is not included in ...
Hepatitis B Last Section Update:09/2012 Contributor(s):Shayna Sandhaus, PhD 1Overview Summary and Quick Facts for Hepatitis B Hepatitis B is an infectious liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Chronic HBV infection often does not cause symptoms in its early stages, so only ...
Hepatitis B is a virus that infects and harms the liver. It can be transmitted sexually or through blood (such as by sharing needles). It can also be transmitted during pregnancy from mother to fetus. Symptoms of initial hepatitis B infection include fever, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea, ...
HBV=hepatitis B virus; HBsAg=hepatitis B surface antigen. *Defined as acute illness with discrete onset of symptoms and jaundice or elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >100 IU/L.2 †Defined as unable to clear the hepatitis B virus after 6 months.1 ...
Long-term oxygen therapy remains the most frequently recommended therapy for symptoms in patients with severe hypoxemia. 7. Endotoxemia, an important complication of severe hepatitis, is not only a second hit to the liver, but also leads to other complications including SIRS and MODS....
In patients with acute viral hepatitis, the initial treatment consists of relieving the symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain (supportive care). Careful attention should be given to medications or compounds, which can have adverse effects in patients with abnormal liver function (for examp...
Like HIV, most patients do not know they have Hepatitis B until it is too late. Those who develop symptoms early on may present with jaundice (yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes), flu-like illness, dark urine, joint pains, fatigue, and although rare, sometimes liver failur...