1979,Biology of the Lymphokines Chapter Establishing the adipose stem cell identity: Characterization assays and functional properties CD4+T cells Also known as helperT cells, CD4+T cells carryTCRsthat recognize antigens presented by MHC II molecules[215, 219, 220]. ASCs have been shown to be...
The elusive identity of T follicular helper cells Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells provide help to B cells and allow formation of long-lived antibody responses. Despite an improved understanding of the molecular program that drives Tfh cell formation, their definition remains elusive: neither follicula...
T-helper 17 cells are a specialized population of T cells that produce a pro-inflammatory molecule known as interleukin-17. They are important for immunity to certain bacterial and fungal infections. They also contribute to certain inflammatory conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease. Latest ...
specialized subsets of T helper cells are generated following activation through lineage-specifying cytokines and transcriptional programs, but recent studies have revealed increasing complexities for CD4+T-cell differentiation. Here, we first discuss CD4+T-cell differentiation from a historical perspective...
IRF4 is thought to be upstream of RORγt, as the ability of naive CD4+ T cells to upregulate RORγt expression is reduced in its absence, but its exact role in Th17 biology is not fully understood [9]. AHR is a nuclear factor shared with T regulatory...
Humoral immunity is vital for host protection, yet aberrant antibody responses can trigger harmful inflammation and immune-related disorders. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, central to humoral immunity, have garnered significant attention for unraveling
Other transcription factors that play a role in Th17 development are IRF4, BATF, and AHR. IRF4 is thought to be upstream of RORγt, as the ability of naive CD4+T cells to upregulate RORγt expression is reduced in its absence, but...
CD4+T cells or helper T cells play various roles in the immune response to pathogens, tumors, as well as in asthma, allergy, and autoimmunity. Consequently, there is great interest in the comprehensive investigation of different T helper cell subsets. Here, we use mass cytometry (CyTOF), whi...
It is well established that PD-1 is expressed by follicular T cells but its function in regulation of human T helper cells has been unclear. We investigated the expression modality and function of PD-1 expressed by human T cells specialized in helping B cells. Results We found that PD-1-...
–Definition, Role in Adaptive Immunity 2.How Do Helper T Cells Activate B Cells –B Cell Activation Key Terms: Antibodies, B cell Activation, Cell-Mediated Immunity, Helper T Cells, T Cell Receptor (TCR) What is Cell-Mediated Immunity ...