Experiments were then conducted to measure heat of vaporization for the mixtures of Ethyl Acetate with Benzene and Toluene. Using experimental data of enthalpy of mixing from the first phase, and heat capacity data, the heat of vaporization were calculated....
The heat capacity of ionic liquids is an important physical property, and experimental measuring is usually used as a common method to obtain them. Owing to the huge number of ionic liquids that can be potentially synthesized, it is desirable to acquire theoretical predictions. In this work, the...
In a more preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention, at least one further vaporizer which serves to compensate differences in the condensation and vaporization enthalpy and accordingly functions as a supplementary or secondary vaporizer is additionally provided. This/these additional ...
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention discloses prodrugs, and salts thereof, that are converted by heating to pharmaceutical compounds. In preferred embodiments, the prodrugs are converted by heating during vaporization. In preferred embodiments, the precursor compound has improved stability during...
The low temperature heat capacities of ethyl carbazate (C3H8N2O2) were precisely determined with an adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 78 to 371 K. The sample was observed to melt at 318.92 +/- 0.02 K. The molar enthalpy and entropy of the melting as well as the chemical...
However, dynamic controllability issues were experienced that were attributed to positive feedback of thermal energy. A heat-exchanger bypass control structure was proposed to handle the problem. This paper suggests that the problem occurs because of partial vaporization of the column feeds in the ...
of water are more desirable because water serves both to transfer heat from the heater to the food or other object to be heated, particularly by evaporation/condensation, and to limit the temperature of the heater by removing the heat of vaporization once the boiling point of water is reached...
by vaporization of a mixture of a volatile tin salt and a phosphorus compound from a solution, by dipping the articles into such a solution, or by spraying the latter on the heated articles. The tin salt may be a halide and is preferably tin tetrachloride; as phosphorus compounds the tri...
12. Process of claim 1 wherein the liquid from which the superheated condensable vapor of (a) is derived is a fluorine-containing compound of specific heat less than about 0.3 calorie/gram/° C. at about 25° C. and of latent heat of vaporization less than about 50 calories/gram. 13...
The exothermic heat of reaction of oxygenate conversion is partially absorbed by the endothermic heat of vaporization of the liquid portion of the feed. Controlling the proportion of liquid feed to vapor feed fed to the reactor thus allows control of the temperature differential in the reactor. ...