problem, a question in computer science that questions whether P problems, which are solvable in polynomial time, are equal to NP problems, which can only be solved in non-deterministic polynomial time. The article argues that this problem, which was formulated in May 1971 by computer scientist...
To study aerospace engineering at the undergraduate level,the University of Bristol requires you to get A*AA or A*A (in any order) in Mathematics and any one of Physics, Chemistry, Further Mathematics or Computer Science for your A Levels examinations. 2. Biomedical Engineering Biomedical enginee...
There are only two hard things in Computer Science: cache invalidation and naming things. –Phil Karlton All of us struggle withnamingon a day to day basis. What should we call a class, a field or table in the database or an action in the controller? The fact that it is harder to c...
These ten brutally difficult math problems once seemed impossible until mathematicians eventually solved them—even if it took them years, decades, or centuries.
Science is one of my favorite subjects, but I am not that good at ___ things! ___, I used clay (陶土). I made the clay into a ball, and cut off the top. This was to be the “cell ___”. The problems began quickly. The “cell” made of clay broke into pieces every time...
The notion of a complete set for a family of formal languages is among the central concepts of theoretical computer science. Given a reduction mechanism, such as logarithmic-space Turing machines, a language, to which every language from a family is reducible, is called hard for that family. ...
The Putnam Exam is a math competition for college students, consisting of two 3-hour sittings on the same day. During each session, students work on just 6 complex math problems demanding creative solutions. The problems don’t require any knowledge past Algebra 2, but are difficult for even...
We see that pluralism in the open science movement. To take just one example, many in psychology see a close connection between openness and rigor. We trace problems with replicability and cumulative scientific progress back, in part, to problems with transparency. When we cannot see details of...
D.Yet each new insight raises more questions, while it also casts age-old problems in a new light. E.We seem to have a long way to go before we will be able to shed any further light on the structure of the brain. F.However, it can feel like an amazing achievement to establish ...
While human computer scientists did work behind the scenes to formalize geometry problems in a way that computers can reason about, Heule says the reasoning is pretty straightforward once that preparation work is complete. In part, this is because the considerations of geometry problems (e.g. th...