Humans have coevolved with their microbes over thousands of years, but this relationship, is now being dramatically affected by shifts in the collective human microbiome resulting from changes in the environment and societal norms. Resulting perturbations of intestinal host-microbe interactions can lead ...
Previous studies have suggested that the microbiome of CRC patients had a higher alpha diversity than controls, possibly due to the expansion of typically oral microbes in addition to the baseline gut microbiome13,14,17. We confirmed this finding in the Fudan cohort, where oCRC and yCRC patient...
The role of the gut microbiome in human health and disease is being increasingly recognized. Gut microbes (including bacteria, fungi and viruses) can be genetically modified to diagnose (as biosensors) and treat (detoxification, controlled biosynthesis and precision targeting) the dysbiosis of the mic...
At present, the best way of grasping the adaptive pattern of human GM as humans age is represented by cross-sectional studies embracing a wide age range in well-defined populations that are relatively homogeneous in genetics and lifestyles. Inclusion of “extreme phenotypes”, i.e., individuals ...
Humans live in a symbiotic relationship with gut microbes: we provide them with a constant source of nutrition, while in return they help us in a variety of ways including enabling optimal brain development and subsequent functioning (Geurts et al., 2013, Chen et al., 2013). Many human gene...
Meanwhile, many studies have shown that resisting colonization byV. choleraeand other infectious bacteria depends to a large extent on so-called “commensal” microbes in the gut. Commensal microbes, and especially human gut ones, have not been researched much in terms of interaction withV. cholera...
We hypothesized that the gut microbiota of individuals with ADHD, when transplanted to mice, would modify brain structure and/or function as well as influence behavior, biological domains that are also impaired to various degrees in neurodevelopmental disorders in humans. To test this hypothesis, we...
we found that other bacteria resident in the human gut also encode multiple HMN-glycan-specific ENGases in PULs analogous toB. thetaiotaomicronPUL72 and PUL16 that respectively encode BT3987 and BT1285. Together, these data suggest that individual human gut microbes express multiple functionally disti...
by binding to hollow spaces in the digestive tract of the infant, thus preventing microbes from traveling through the mucosa layer of the cells. In addition, breast milk provides phagocytes that attack microbes directly. And yet another set of chemicals stimulate the infant’s own immune response...
(iii)Is there any simple and robust method to detect and differentiate drug metabolites in the systemic circulation derived from host or microbes-mediated modifications? (iv)How to select a suitable animal model and analysis method to screen microbiome-drug interactions and predict drug toxicity?