In conclusion, for the first time, we demonstrated paracrine factor GDF8 in porcine follicular fluid in vivo. Furthermore, we showed that GDF8 supplementation improved mature oocyte quality by regulating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and intracellular glutathione and reactive oxygen...
Previously, we identified a GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR gene family, comprising nine members, which encodes putative transcription factors in Arabidopsis thaliana . The grf1 grf2 grf3 triple mutants produced partially fused cotyledons and developed small leaves due to a reduction in cell numbers. To und...
Transforming growth factor(TGF)-β-like ligands are secreted proteins that mediate many different biological processes, such as cell growth and differentiation. Since the discovery of the TGF-β superfamily about 15 years ago (Roberts et al. 1981), many new members of this family have...
Conotruncal defects (CTDs) are a type of heterogeneous congenital heart diseases (CHDs), but little is known about their etiology. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 8 and FGF10 may be involved in the pathogenesis of
M. Distinct roles of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 and 2 in regulating cell survival and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mol. Endocrinol. 21, 987–1000 (2007). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Freeman, K. W. et al. Conditional activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) ...
only in a few cases their performance has been evaluated under stress conditions. MicroRNA miR396 repress the expression ofGROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR(GRF) genes that codes for transcription factors that promote organ growth. Here, we show that bothArabidopsis thaliana At-GRF2andAt-GRF3genes resistant...
1.2Longitudinal growth and insulin regulating pathways Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) are pivotal hormones for the regulation of growth in humans. GH promotes growth plate chondrogenesis and longitudinal bone growth with its stimulatory action mediated mainly by IGF-I ...
The proteasome in eukaryotic cells can degrade a variety of proteins and plays an important role in regulating the cell cycle, cell survival and apoptosis. The proteasome receives much attention as a potential chemotherapeutic target for treatment of a v
These beneficial effects mainly occur through strengthening the intrinsic transduction potentiality, regulating interaction with molecular and mechanical signaling cascades after receptor-mediated retrograde uptake [13, 14]. The GF family members, including nerve growth factor (NGF) and fibroblast growth ...
Rapid stimulation of pinocytosis in human carcinoma cells A-431 by epidermal growth factor. J. Cell Biol. 83, 82–90 (1979). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Palm, W., Araki, J., King, B., DeMatteo, R. G. & Thompson, C. B. Critical role for PI3-kinase in regulating the use...