GLP-1Exendin-4DPP-IV inhibitorsβ-cells尾-cell dysfunction is an early pathophysiological defect in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conventional secretagogues, although effective in increasing insulin secretion, may be associated with undesirable side effects, including hypoglycemia, abnormalities in ...
The recent European and American guidelines recommended SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists as the preferred first-line diabetes agents in patients with T2DM and CVD. This is a paradigm shift from using metformin as first-line therapy. Amid their widespread use, however, there are also ...
GLP-1 enhances glucose-stimulated insulin release. GLP-1 agonists are resistant to degradation by DPP-4; thus these agonists are used clinically for the treatment of diabetes. DPP-4 inhibitors are also acceptable for use in diabetes patients because GLP-1 is rapidly deactivated by DPP-4. ...
1-3 For Nassar, Misra, and Bloomgarden, they found that GLP-1s were associated with lower risks of suicide attempts compared to dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, especially for those in the high-risk group. For Wang et al, in patients who were overweight or obese, semaglutide was associated...
The standardized prevalence of MCMs was 3.7% in all infants (n = 3 514 865), 5.3% in the infants born to women with T2D (n = 51 826), and among infants exposed to sulfonylureas was 9.7% (n = 1362); DPP-4 inhibitors, 6.1% (n = 687); GLP-1 receptor...
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors reduce cardiorenal outcomes. We performed a network meta-analysis to compare the effect on cardiorenal outcomes among GLP-1 RAs, SGLT-2 inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhib...
Topics discussed include the need for clear benefits presented by GLP-1RA drugs compared to DPP-4 inhibitors, as well as known side-effects from its use and the findings by Yu and collegues on the effectiveness of using such drugs for diabetes treatment....
The midbrain is also home to serotonergic neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), which sends widespread ascending and descending projections throughout the brain. These neurons were traditionally implicated in regulating affect and are the target of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ...
A historical example comes from the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which have been reported to be associated with increased suicidal ideation risk in those under 25 years old (Olfson et al., 2006). Later analyses demonstrated that the observed associations were largely ...
(sulphonylureas and/or biguanides). Six patients had a history of hypertension and were treated with thiazides, ACE-inhibitors and/or calcium antagonists. Part three 8 type II diabetic patients (seven men and one woman, age: 55 years (49-69 years); BMI: 30.9 kg/m2(27-35 kg/m2); ...