(relative to comparable single class firms) in the post-IPO years when their insiders' wedge widens and when it does not. We find a statistically significant relative Tobin's Q drop of 0.49 to 0.53 for 11 The correlations between insider and founder ownership variables (equity stake, votes,...
The judge solutions were not written to be minimal – though some of us may have a tendency to overcompactify their code – and it is trivial to make them shorter by removing spacing, renaming variables, and so on. And of course the same goes for the code written by the teams during ...
Panel C reports the time-series variables. MKTRF is the monthly return on the value-weighted stock market net of the risk free rate; HML is the monthly return on the portfolio long value stocks and short growth stocks; SMB is the monthly return on the portfolio long small-cap stocks and...
One of the unique features of the RF Classifier is that the algorithm provides which variables have the most predictive power. To calculate the variable importance of each predictor i, RF Classifier runs through the same tree but gives a random split on each node in the forests related to ...
Organising the statement of profit or loss by function of expenses Appendix B: Statement of comprehensive income presented in a single statement Appendix C: Effective dates of new IFRS Standards 71 72 73 75 82 83 83 84 85 85 86 87 88 89 90 90 98 103 104 104 105 106 ...
he is also the Associate Director of the Ocean Sciences Centre. Dr Gamperl’s integrative research program focuses on understanding how environmental and physiological variables interact to affect fish biology. His internationally recognised research has led to over 125 pub...
Figure 4: Model of alcohol consumption, mediating variables, and short-term and long- term consequences Patterns of drinking Average volume Toxic and benefical biochemical effects* Intoxication Dependence Chronic disease Accidents/Injuries (acute disease) Acute social consequences Chronic social * ...
Khanna, Controlling Externalities: Ownership Structure and Cross-Firm Externalities (2021) (documenting a much lower incidence of reported "Big Three" engagements in countries with high ownership concentration after including several control variables). 72 For large passive indexers, the skeptical position...
their trustworthiness." The FactSet's GeoRev Confidence Factor ranges from the lowest 0.5 to the highest 1.0. "A confidence factor of 1.000 indicates that the revenue is an actual, reported, or declared value." All GeoRev-Russia variables in our sample have the confidence factor of 1, i....