Global mean temperature can be estimated from surface and from tropospheric measurements. Much has been written recently concerning trends in the various time series over short (10–15 year) periods. This paper
Analyses of observed and model data have linked interannual to multiannual fluctuations in global mean temperature to natural phenomena including the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and volcanic activity. On decadal and longer time scales, global temperature change in recent decades has also been ...
Intermediate scenario B was described as ‘‘the most plausible.’’ Scenario B has continued moderate increase in the rate of GHG emissions and includes three large volcanic eruptions sprin- Annual Mean Global Temperature Change: ΔTs (°C) Fig. 2. Global surface temperature computed for ...
Marine proxies of sea-surface temperatures could be biased towards seasonal temperatures, and thus record orbitally driven changes in the seasonal cycle, while the annual mean temperature change might be small6. The computed mean out of a limited number of proxies with restricted spatial coverage ...
seasonal temperature trends noted previously15, as the arguments presented here apply to seasonal mean temperature in addition to extreme temperature occurrence because of the close correspondence between the two47,48. The recent changes in cold and warm extreme occurrences closely track the NH seasonal...
After making some analysis, we found that the whole function of global surface temperature change cannot be precisely described by a sine function. So we use a polynomial function to fit the daily mean temperature, and get the curve in Fig. 2, and two fitted Eq. (5a), (5b) have been ...
(IPCC 2007). While there is little research on extreme temperature patterns, there has been an increase in the global mean surface air temperature of about 0.5 °C since the start of the twentieth century, and this is linked to a rise in the minimum daily temperature (Easterling and Wehner...
Maps of seasonal mean temperature as simulated by the ensemble mean of the GCMs and CCLM downscaled runs for austral summer (JFM). First column shows the value for the reference period (1981–2010); second and third columns show the climate change signal (i.e. 2071–2100 minus reference ...
we discuss physical lake variables and their responses to climate change. Decreases in winter ice cover and increases in lake surface temperature modify lake mixing regimes and accelerate lake evaporation. Where not balanced by increased mean precipitation or inflow, higher evaporation rates will favour...
The velocity-driven contributions are computed by setting the temperature in the OHT calculations to the mean seasonal cycle from the historical reference period while allowing the velocity to change. Similarly, the temperature-driven changes are computed by setting the velocity to the mean seasonal ...