Genotype Definition Genotype is the genetic makeup of an individual cell or organism that determines or contributes to its phenotype. The contrasting terms genotype and phenotype are used to define the characteristics or traits of an organism. The genotype identifies the alleles related to a single ...
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20, and because understanding the relationship between a GRN and its biological function (phenotype) is a central area of investigation in modern biology21. Current empirical
Since, by definition, untyping an individual with a critical genotype results in a consistent pedigree, we know that after genotype elimination the individual must have at least one alternative valid genotype. Second, for the particular locus, we compute and store the likelihood of the pedigree ...
Interestingly, after salinization, the latter molecule was found exclusively in Dark Opal and Italiano Classico. This result would confirm the ‘opportunistic hypothesis’ proposed by Peñuelas and Llusià [54] that plants change the demand for essential volatile organic compounds in terms of ...
By definition, GE within a ME is random noise. The noise can be canceled out and thereby genotypes be reliably evaluated if genotypes are tested in a sufficient number of trials in the ME. This number is determined by the relative size of genotypic variance versus GE variance within the ME...
Coupling this novel window definition with a PCA-based tSNP selection method, we analyze 2.5 million SNPs from the HapMap phase 2 dataset. We show that 1025% of these SNPs suffice to predict the remaining genotypes with over 95% accuracy. A comparison with other popular methods in the ...
To provide an objective definition of the atherosclerotic phenotype, subjects with nonsignificant coronary stenosis (<50%) were excluded. Controls were also required to have no history or evidence of atherosclerosis in other vascular areas. Both CAD patients and controls came from the same geographical...
This definition ofEwould hold for Merlin and our model alike, with the noted differences in the size of the pedigree included in the state space representation. Based on this definition ofE, we can extend it to include our added parameters, skewness and sureness. ...
Pleiotropy refers to the phenomenon of one gene or one mutation affecting multiple phenotypic traits. It has widespread implications in genetics, disease, development, ageing and evolution. Although the definition of pleiotropy is straightforward, its measurement is not. This is due to many complicating...