One way to avoid this is by putting yourself in the shoes of the survey respondent, then considering if any of the questions may potentially identify them. A simple fix might be to include a “Prefer not to say” answer option or make certain questions optional. But no matter what, you ...
The degree to which results may be biased by the different responses to survey questions made by male and female respondents is also discussed. In surveys the sex of the respondent is simply recorded by the interviewer; however, the respondents are generally asked to provide information on the ...
The relevance of these findings for the interpretation of survey data is clear. Whether there is a gun reported in a home depends to a remarkable extent on which member of the household is asked the question. Hence, the method of selection of respondent(s) from within a household will ...
We described characteristics of this sample by gender and then constructed multiple variable linear regression models for salary with the following respondent characteristics: gender, age, race, marital status, parental status, additional graduate degree, rank, leadership, specialty nature, specialty pay ...
To ensure that exposure to gender-affirming surgeries temporally preceded all outcomes of interest, respondents were included in the exposure group if they had received their first gender-affirming surgery at least 2 years prior to submitting responses to the USTS. For each respondent with a history...
In one of the interviews, the respondent said that in the past there had been discrimination, but not any longer. Nevertheless, he, who was 41 years old, recognized that even in his case, the education was different: “In the past, they did not have the same opportunities; they didn’...
(never or almost never true) to 7 (always or almost always true) with higher scores indicating greater self-attribution of the trait by the respondent. In the present sample, the internal consistency of the 20 items assessing the masculine/instrumental trait was 0.83 and that of the 20 items...
To identify the varied adaptation needs of smallholder farmers. The null hypothesis (Ho) in this situation was that there is no agreement among the respondent’s assessment of their adaptation needs. We investigated the association between farmers’ social status (e.g., gender, income) and their...
Assessing whether such programs would be effective in reducing occupational sex segregation is difficult because any association between men’s participation in gender-atypical learning experiences and their subsequent occupational choices could be based on respondent bias, with some men aspiring to female-...
The World Health Organization’s (WHO) Extended Program on Immunization (EPI) method [22] was used in the second stage to randomly select the 15 respondent households in each village. A household was defined as a group of individuals living under the same roof and eating meals from the same...