The South African economy has long been dominated by what Fine and Rustomjee (1996) call the “Minerals–Energy Complex” (MEC). Much South African ‘manufacturing’ has been connected to this capital-intensive MEC core of the economy, with...
Nevertheless, USEPA (2006) observed that radionuclides concentration in drinking water are very low and thus the chance of radiological harm is very small. However, human activities such as mining and processing of minerals can contribute to higher levels of concentrations, which increase the chance...
1and Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju 2 1 Department of Public Health, School of Healthcare Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South Africa 2 Phytomedicine and Phytochemistry Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, ...
Since 1986, the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS) has been monitoring the water quality. Previously, this river was characterised as having low pH (3–4) and high concentrations of sulfate, chloride, fluoride, sodium, and nitrate [7]. The impact of the mining activities in the ...
Human activities such as the mining and processing of economic minerals such as uranium, gold, phosphorous, oil and gas, mineral sands and coal combustion significantly increase the amount of radon released into the environment [20,21]. Once radon is released into indoor environments, it becomes ...