The abundance and isotopic composition of the trace amounts of noble gases found in magmas provide insights into the large-scale differentiation of the Earth, the origin of the atmosphere, and potentially into the degassing and differentiation of mantle-derived magmas. Unlike most other trace ...
The chemical composition of the gases emitted from a hornito close to the active lava lake of Erta'Ale, Ethiopia, as derived from chemical analyses on 18 samples collected on 23 January 1974, was found to be (in mol-%): H2O: 79.4, CO2: 10.4, total S: 7.36, HCl: 0.42, H2: 1.49,...
Non-explosive volcanoes are more common than explosive volcanoes but the latter is more damaging and destructive, especially to living organisms. Many factors influence the formation of both. One of the most important factors is the magma inside and its composition. ...
“We knew that the helium isotope ratio occasionally changes from a low value, similar to the helium found in the Earth’s crust, to a high value, like that in the Earth’s mantle, when the activity of magma increases. This was based on an observation of the helium isotope ratio of co...
Only carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonyl sulfide, and carbon disulfide were found to have increased mixing ratios as compared with those in clean tropospheric air, but the increases were not sufficient to contribute greatly to the global budgets of these four components....
Hot springs, which belong to the direct manifestations of deep-derived magma activities, are ample and intensive in Changbaishan volcanic field, NE China. Greenhouse gases emitting from hot springs take up an important part of the total flux contributed by the whole volcanic field. However, there...
Qualitatively, the pre-GOE O2sink flux could have declined if the mantle’s oxidation state increased over time32,36,37. The proportion of reducing gases in volcanic emissions depends inversely on the oxygen fugacity (\(f_{{\rm{O}}_{2}}\)) in their magma source region, the upper mantle...
and found an average equilibration at pressures larger than 50 GPa is required for core formation. This average high-pressure differentiation is also consistent with the highly siderophile elements abundances in the mantle24. Using the existing low-pressure data to constrain the partitioning of the...
British explorer Sandy Irvine's foot discovered 100 years after he vanished on EverestThe foot, boot and sock thought to belong to Sandy Irvine, who disappeared during George Mallory's 1924 expedition to climb Mount Everest, have likely been found. They could be a vital clue in unraveling an...
The role of unequal diffusivities in ignition and extinction fronts in strained mixing layers In particular, it is found that the Lewis numbers affect the propagation of the triple flame in a way similar to that obtained in the studies of ... J Daou,AL Martínez - 《Combustion Theory & Mode...