A barrel of oil has about six times the energy content of a thousand cubic feet of natural gas. The graph below compares the dollar price of a barrel of oil with the oil-equivalent cost of natural gas, calculated by multiplying the price (in $/1000 cu ft) by six. The two prices ten...
Directed acyclic graphThis study investigates the impacts of driving factors for natural gas prices during the period from 1999 to 2017. A data-driven approach, namely the directed acyclic graph (DAG), is first employed to disclose the contemporaneous relations among natural gas, crude oil and ...
Malaysia has invested heavily in refining activities over the last two decades, and it can now meet the majority of its domestic demand for petroleum products after depending on Singapore refineries for many years. In addition, three major integrated petrochemical complexes (IPCs) in Malaysia have ...
and volatility illustrate the uncertainty in energy costs and prices and handle local nonlinearity. Crude oil and natural gas prices decouple for two regimes of about four and five years (i.e., short-term decoupling), while they couple for four subsequent regimes (i.e., long-term coupling fo...
Organic solar cells (OSCs) are the efficient low cost renewable energy source during the last 10 years. However, the major issue regarding OSC is its lifetime or stability that limits their marketability. These devices are highly sensitive to oxygen and water leading to a rapid degradation when...
Traditionally, the world has depended more on oil for its primary energy needs. However, the growing concern over emissions has increased natural gas consumption in the past few years. This has resulted in heavy investment in the natural gas pipeline network. According to the International Energy ...
Natural gas prices hit the highest level in thirteen years last week and, while the coal price rally was partly to blame, rising LNG exports played a part. Join Our Community Meet Europe, the newest and unlikeliest st...
Prices at Europe's most traded gas hub, the Dutch TTF, have fallen to their lowest winter point in years — Argus last assessed the TTF front-month lower during winter 2020-21. Gas prices have fallen further than other energy-related commodities in recent weeks, outstripping losses especially...
Two carbon price scenarios were considered (high and low prices for permits). The paths considered (now called cases) were as follows: • Case 1.This is similar to path 3 (maximum coverage of the economy). Permits were not allocated at all. Emitters must buy them at the prevailing carbo...
These prices are marginally above the estimated breakeven price for the low-cost Marcellus shale gas, but considerably below the breakeven prices required for the balance of the shale basins. Table 1. At Henry Hub 2011 spot gas prices only the Marcellus shale is profitable (at P50 or higher)...