Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB, or sodium oxybate),gamma-butyrolactone(GBL), and 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD) are potent central depressant agents, legally and illicitly used for very heterogeneous purposes, internationally. Few other neuropsychopharmacological compounds show such a wide spectrum of functions...
BUTYROLACTONE GAMMA Odor Description: SWEET, AROMATIC, CREAMY Indukern F&F GAMMA-BUTYROLACTONE Odor Description: OILY, CREAMY, FATTY Advanced Biotech GAMMA-BUTYROLACTONE SYNTHETIC Odor Description: Caramel, Fatty, Creamy Prodasynth GAMMA BUTYROLACTONE (> 98%) Odor Description: SWEET, AROMATIC, CREAMY Hom...
In Phase 1, one of four doses of either gamma-butyrolactone or sentobarbital was injected before sessions. Both drugs increased lever pressing rates during the shocked component of the schedule at doses which did not affect lever pressing rates during the unshocked component. In Phase 2, one ...
Baker LE, Van Tilburg TJ, Brandt AE, Poling A (2005) Discriminative stimulus effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and its metabolic precursor, gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 181:458-466. :Baker L. E., Van Tilburg T. J., Brandt A. E. [et al.], Dis-...
^Elliott S, Burgess V. The presence of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) in alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. Forensic Science International. 2005 July 16;151(2-3):289-92. ^Zvosec et al. American Academy of Forensic Science in Seattle, 2006 [1] ...
Concerned about the scale of the problem of the use, by predators, of licit and illicit substances, both under international control and not under international control, inter alia, alcohol (in fruit drinks, beer, wine and spirits), alprazolam # butanediol, gamma-butyrolactone, cannabis, chloral...
itsprodrugssuch as gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) (Figure 1) and 1,4-butanediol have also been deemed as date rape drugs (Mason & Kerns, 2002).GBLand 1,4-butanediol are intrinsically inactive under the pharmacological condition; however, they can be easily metabolized to GHB inside the human body...
Withdrawal from gamma-hydroxybutyrate, 1,4-butanediol and gamma-butyrolactone: a case report and systematic review CJEM, 10 (1) (2008), pp. 69-74 View in ScopusGoogle Scholar 19 J. Bell, R. Collins Gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) dependence and withdrawal Addiction, 106 (2) (2011), pp. 442-...
A. Microbial Growth and Gamma-Butyrolactone Formation The present invention arises from the discovery of chemically stable and microorganism resistant formulations of GHB in an aqueous medium, preferably a solution, and the efficacy of these formulations in the treatment of therapeutic categories of ...
A. Microbial Growth and Gamma-Butyrolactone Formation The present invention arises from the discovery of chemically stable and microorganism resistant formulations of GHB in an aqueous medium, preferably a solution, and the efficacy of these formulations in the treatment of therapeutic categories of disor...