Edge Computing: Edge computing moves the computation closer to IoT devices to improve the latency of IoT applications significantly. Edge computing is not a contradictory technology to cloud computing. The current form of state-of-the-art suggests that most IoT applications use the strong points of...
The broad flexibility of evolutionary Game Theory stems from the fact that it need assume no replicators, but only that one has a “population” of things that can be counted and categorized, and that changes of the frequencies of those things are driven either by environmental interaction (...
In this work, we focus on using reinforcement learning and game theory to solve for the optimal strategies for the dice game Pig, in a novel simultaneous playing setting. First, we derived analytically the optimal strategy for the 2-player simultaneous game using dynamic programming, mixed-strateg...
Evolutionary game theory mathematically conceptualizes and analyzes biological interactions where one’s fitness not only depends on one’s own traits, but also on the traits of others. Typically, the individuals are not overtly rational and do not select, but rather inherit their traits. Cancer c...
An “evolutionary stable strategy” is a similar concept in evolutionary game theory: It is a Nash equilibrium, which is evolutionarily stable, i.e., natural selection alone is sufficient to prevent invasion by competing mutant strategies. Evolutionary stable strategies can be found by modeling the...
DGBL could significantly improve learning motivations and performance (Chen & Law, 2016), and enhance learning attitudes, interests, and achievement (Hwang et al., 2012); nevertheless, some studies have claimed that hard scaffolding DGBL could not improve learning performance (Clark & Mayer, 2011)...
Utility and strength of interactions phase transition in Watts–Strogatz network is significantly more staggered compared to the former networks. In the case of utility, there is a region in the limits of [Math Processing Error]ν≈0.25 and [Math Processing Error]ν≈0.3, before utility goes to...
”; selfdetermination theory; Ryan & Deci, 2017). Second, educators divide this overall goal into many smaller subgoals (Mayer, 2014): (a) can foreigners vote? (b) can children vote? (c) can white women vote? (d) can racial minorities vote? and so on. Ideally, achieving earlier ...
Following Pauker and Kassirer52,53, the static problem can be represented as a decision tree, and analyzed using the threshold approach derived directly from expected utility theory. In our case, the decision tree is presented in Fig.1. The calculation of the expected utility of each action is...
it is obvious that the type-B behavior has a positive effect on the cooperation for a wide range ofR. That is to say, the existence of type-B dissimilarity-driven players among the population enables the cooperators to survive, and a largeβvalue could significantly promote cooperative behavior...