These assets are now owned by several companies and their prices and capital investment levels are regulated by Ofgem, an autonomous government regulator. 2.1. UK gas network composition The NTS has a total length of 7600 km (National Grid, 2011a). Gas leaves the transmission network at 175 ...
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the food and land system must fall drastically in the next decades to meet globally negotiated policy goals such as the Paris Accord. Along with deeper systemic changes, policies such as GHG prices are necessary for effective and efficient reductions of food ...
One of the major advantages of using steam propulsion is that boil-off gas, created by thermal conductivity through the tank walls and movement of the liquid in a seaway, can be readily burned in the ship's boilers. This saves the consumption of fuel oil bunkers (which escalated in price ...
Virtually all human infrastructure - gas stations, surface area of roads, hospitals etc., scale using similar biological allometry relationships (West, 2017). Connections – veins in bodies, social media, telephones or highways, scale at roughly ½ of the number of nodes squared (.5n2). Each...
Tens of thousands of species are threatened with extinction as a result of human activities. Here we explore how the extinction risks of terrestrial mammals and birds might change in the next 50 years. Future population growth and economic development ar
Future energy prices and investment? Future energy markets (oil, gas, coal, nuclear power, wind, solar power etc) will be driven by EMOTION not just "market forces". Examples from recent disruptive energy-related events. Energy trends keynote speaker ...
All assets and liabilities are valued at market prices.2 The global balance sheet has three components that interlock: (1) the financial sector: financial assets and liabilities held by financial institutions, which help inte...
Reducing food waste is not only an ethical imperative but also represents a massive economic and environmental opportunity. According to analysis by the World Resources Institute, cutting food waste in half by 2030 could generate $73 billion in annual cost savings, reduce greenhouse gas emissions by...
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout Additional access options: Log in Learn about institutional subscriptions Read our FAQs Contact customer support Data availability The data generated for the main figures are publicly available athttps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo....
M. High climate model dependency of Pliocene Antarctic ice-sheet predictions. Nat. Commun. 9, 2799 (2018). Article ADS PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar Yan, Q., Zhang, Z. & Wang, H. Investigating uncertainty in the simulation of the Antarctic ice sheet during the mid-Piacenzian...