In very recent years, great efforts have been devoted to designing the non-fused NFAs32,33,34,35,36,37,38, and the highest PCE of the OPV cells based on the completely non-fused NFAs has reached 12.76%39, which is still obviously lower than the state-of-the-art results for the fuse...
(SI), meaning an EEL spectrum is acquired at each probe position in a 30 × 95 grid of pixels to create a three-dimensional dataset with two spatial dimensions and one spectral dimension. The HAADF image in Fig.3ais simultaneously acquired with the SI, allowing us to highlight specific ...
[0020] Because of the high temperatures involved during the pyrometallurgical reduction process, both periclase and spinel are produced in the molten state and, once cooled, yield an intimate mixture of fused and purer refractory products. Most of the silica, typically found as an impurity, is ...
The difference in temperature generates a drop in forces to a higher velocity, as the cold entrance makes the fluid velocity zero. For hot liquid, the viscosity is low, meaning that the flow is at a higher speed at the centre than at the wall. For controlling the die-swell phenomenon, ...
as mentioned earlier, both samples exhibit a considerably less steep increase in crystallinity after the first two zones. Especially, the HMWPA sample almost reaches a plateau in crystallinity after 300 s of printing. This suggests the material has reached a saturation in crystallinity, meaning that...
Another interesting observation was that the fibers generally break, with small exceptions, in the area of variation of the specimen size, which indicates that the elongation is minimal and the rupture does not occur in the calibrated area of the specimen, meaning that the fracture is ...