細胞膜的功能(Thefunctionsofcellmembrane)n1.作為一阻隔-分隔細胞及外界,每個細胞器-->每個細胞或細胞器成為獨立的單位-->不同的代謝活動在同一時間及其獨特的環境內進行,互不干擾 n例子:葉綠體,粒線體 細胞膜的功能(Thefunctionsofcellmembrane)n2.控制及調節物質進出細胞及細胞器-->細胞膜具選透性 細胞膜的...
In order to provide a cell with energy, these molecules have to pass across the cell membrane, which functions as a barrier — but not an impassable one. Like the exterior walls of a house, the plasma membrane is semi-permeable. In much the same way that doors and windows allow ...
A classification scheme for viroporins is proposed on the basis of their structure and membrane topology. Thus, class I and class II viroporins are defined according to the number of transmembrane domains in the protein (one and two, respectively), and subclasses are defined according to their...
and protein kinases have been intensively studied. However, while the focus was on catalytic activities, accumulating evidence suggests that non-catalytic properties of protein kinases are essential, and in some cases even sufficient for their functions. These non-catalytic functions include the scaffoldi...
HIV-1 is spread by cell-free virions and by cell–cell viral transfer. We asked whether the structure and function of a broad neutralizing antibody (bNAb) epitope, the membrane-proximal ectodomain region (MPER) of the viral gp41 transmembrane glycoprotein, differ in cell-free and cell–cell...
MT6-MMP has an unpaired cysteine, Cys-532, at its stalk region (linker-2), and this mediates disulfide bond-mediated homo-dimer formation on the cell surface [9]. TM-type MT-MMPs have an insertion of 8–9 amino acids in the catalytic domain, named the MT-Loop (Fig. 1). This is...
1. Structure and Expression of CD47 in the Plasma Membrane CD47 (originally named integrin-associated protein (IAP)) is a cell surface protein of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily, which is heavily glycosylated and expressed by virtually all cells in the body [1]. CD47 was first recognized ...
Nef downregulates major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) from the cell surface, downregulates CD4, activates and forms a complex with p21-activated protein kinase 2 (PAK2) and enhances the infectivity of the HIV-1 virion [2,3]. It is plausible that each of these four Nef functions ...
Other reports showed that miR-199a suppressed cell growth in renal cancer [9] and inhibited cell proliferation in human Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [10]. Huang et al. also found that miR-199a-5p was significantly down-regulated in advanced stage in small cell carcinoma of the cervix (...
H. Paneth cells, antimicrobial peptides and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 9, 356–368 (2011). CAS PubMed Google Scholar Semple, F. & Dorin, J. R. β-Defensins: multifunctional modulators of infection, inflammation and more? J. Innate Immun. 4, 337–348 (...